Method of manufacturing orificed members



Patented Nov. 25, 1952 METHGD F MANUFACTURING DRIFICED' MEMBERS John A.Cupler, Ill, Cumberland, I /ld. Application dune 1, 1948, Serial No.30,228

17 Claims.

In the production of spinnerettes and nozzles of precision types, it hasbeen customary to impart a high polish to the discharge surface of theproduct in an effort to obtain a sharp linear edge where the orificeintersects the discharge surface. Microscopic examination of some of thebest articles of this type heretofore produced has revealed the presenceof rounded corners in lieu of sharp edges and depressions in theadjacent areas of the discharge surfaces. The adverse effects of thesemalformations are well known in the artificial silk and kindredindustries, a rather frequent result being the failure of the plasticmaterial to assume the intended filamentary form.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to produce a sharpsubstantially linear intersection between an orifice and a dischargesurface, by inserting the reduced end of a plug through the orifice toprevent the penetration of abrading material into the orifice while thedesired conformation is being produced.

In making a spinnerette for example, a blank or body may be drilled toform a desired number of orifices, each orifice may then be polishedadjacent a surface of the body, a plug is then inserted through theorifice to project beyond the surface, the surface and plug renderedsubstantially coplanar, and the plug removed. Where the body issufficiently thick, a countersink may be preliminarily formed partiallytherethrough so that the calibrated portion of the orifice need notextend entirely through the work.

The orifice drilling operation may be followed by a burnishing stepwhich may be accompanied by or followed by a coining operation. Byburnishing the cylindrical portion of the orifice adjacent to thedischarge surface, a high polish will be imparted to the orifice wall;and by coining the inlet end of the orifice, a rounded convergence willbe imparted to improve the flow characteristics of the fluid to beexpressed therethrough. The plug received by the orifice is preferablysubstantially a counterpart of the active portion of the breaching toolto the extent that it will exactly complement the effective portion ofthe orifice. The plug will preferably project beyond the inlet anddischarge surfaces of the body, its projection beyond the inlet surfacepermitting engagement for insertion and removal and further serving as ameans to secure the plug in the body while performing abrading or otherdesired operations at the discharge surface of the body. The plug orplugs may be secured against undesired displacement with respect to thebody by the application of a thermoplastic bonding material to the inletsurface of the body to embed the plug or plugs, the

thermoplastic material also serving to secure av plugs have been securedin the body, their ends' projecting beyond thedischarge surface can beremoved, and by abrading operations such "as lapping and/or polishing,thedischarge surface of the body and the plugs will be renderedsubstantially coplanar. Then the bond will be released in a suitablemanner as by means of'a solvent and the plug or plugs removed byengaging their ends still projecting beyond the inlet surface of thebody and withdrawing them, thus avoiding any contact with the orificeedge at the discharge surface.

In the event that a spinnerette, for example, already contains anorifice, the drilling operation will be omitted in practicing thepresent invention. The material constituting the plug is preferably atleast as hard as that constituting the body and the cross section of theplug is preferably at least as great as that of the orifice in orderthat the plug will complement the orifice to prevent the penetration ofundesired particles.

A more complete understanding of the invention will follow from adetailed description illustrated by the attached drawings wherein:

Fig. 1 is a fragmentary sectional elevation of a body provided with acountersink;

Fig. 2 i a fragmentary sectional elevation of,

the body penetrated by a drill to form an orifice;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary sectional elevation of the body about to receivea combined breaching and coining tool;

Fig. i is a fragmentary sectional elevation of the body following theoperation of Fig. 3

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary sectional elevation of the body of Fig. 4receiving a plug;

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary sectional the body thermoplastically bonded anda tool;

Figure 7 is a fragmentary sectional elevation depicting an abradingoperation to which the assembly of Fig. 6 is subjected; and

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary sectional elevation of a completed article.

Where it is desired to produce a spinnerette or other form of'nozzle, ablank or body-I ilmay reelevation of to the plug ceive a relativelylarge aperture or countersink l2 having a convergent base portion [4into which a drill I6 will be introduced as shown in Fig. 2 to producean orifice l8 as shown in Fig. 3. The drill is depicted as of the pivottype, and for the requirements of spinnerettes as now produced, wouldhave an effective diameter of from .001 to .025 inch.

At this point, a burnishing tool 19 providing a tapered tip 20 and acylindrical intermediate portion 22 will be forced through the orificeHi from the inlet surface 24 to penetrate the discharge surface 26, andby virtue of its slight degree of oversize as compared with the drilledorifice, will produce a highly polished wall. The tool may provide acoining surface 28 at its upper working portion to impart the desiredcurvature at the upper edge 30 of the orifice as shown in Fig. 4.

A plug 32 which is substantially a counterpart of the active portion ofthe burnishing tool is inserted into the orifice as depicted in Fig. 5to project beyond the opposed inlet and discharge surfaces 24 and 26respectively. This plug substantially complements the cylindrical andcoined portions of the orifice, and may even impart a finishingpolishing action where it is given a slight degree of oversize, of theorder of, say, .0001 inch. These plugs may be made from drill rod orother suitable material which is at least as hard as the materialthrough which the orifice is formed, so that there will be no gallingaction nor affinity between the plugs and the bodies into which they areintroduced.

A suitable thermoplastic body 34, such as sealing wax or the like,soluble in gasoline or other available solvent, is applied to the inletsurface 24 of the body to embed the projecting portion of the plug 32and adhesively secure to this assembly a tool or fixture 35 providedwith sockets 38. Having secured the plugs in the body in this manner,their ends projecting beyond the discharge surface can be removed torender them substantially flush, whereupon a driving head 40 of alapping or polishing machine, whose pins 42 are received in the sockets38 of the fixture 36, will subject the discharge surf-ace 26 to anabrading action against a lapping and/or polishing surface 44.

A lapping operation in accordance with this invention may proceed untila micr-ofinish is produced on the discharge surface, whereupon thelapping compound can be removed by means of a suitable solvent. Thesurface can then be polished with a suitable composition, such as finediamond dust in an oleaginous suspension, until it possesses a mirrorfinish. A microfinish known in the trade as No. 8 has been achieved bythe lapping operation, and a mirror finish has been produced that willreveal no scratches when magnified from 36 to 180 times.

A solvent is then employed to soften and remove the therm-oplasticbonding agent 34, whereupon the plugs 32 can be gripped at theirenlarged ends adjacent the inlet surface of the body and withdrawn fromthe orifices, resulting in the finished article depicted in Fig. 8wherein the edge 46 defined by the intersection of the orifice IS withthe discharge surface 26 will be sharp and the discharge surface itselfsubstantially planar.

By thus providing a sharp circular edge at the intersection of theinternally polished orifice I8 and the polished discharge surface 26,vastly superior flow characteristics and resulting products will beattained.

Whereas the invention has been exemplified by a highly satisfactorymethod, the present disclosure will suggest many variations of thoseskilled in the art, just as they have already occurred to the inventor,and accordingly, the invention should not be restricted beyond the scopeof the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A method of finishing a surface of a spinnerette containing anorifice, comprising inserting a plug having a complementary crosssection through said orifice to project beyond said surface, abradingsaid plug and said surface contiguous thereto until they becomesubstantially coplanar, and mechanically removing said plug from asurface opposed to the first said surface.

2. A method of finishing a surface of a spinnerette containing anorifice, comprising inserting a plug having a complementary crosssection of material at least as hard as that constituting saidspinnerette through said orifice to project beyond said surface,abrading said plug and said surface contiguous thereto until they becomesubstantially coplanar, and mechanically removing said relatively hardplug from a surface 019- posed to the first said surface.

3. A method of finishing a surface of a spinnerette containing anorifice, comprising inserting a plug having a similar cross section atleast as great as that of said orifice through said orifice to projectbeyond said surface, abrading said plug and said surface contiguousthereto until they become substantially coplanar, and mechanicallyremoving said plug from a surface opposed to the first said surface.

A method of finishing a surface of a, spinnerette containing an orifice,comprising inserting a plug complementing said orifice through saidorifice to project beyond said surface, abrading said plug and saidsurface contiguous thereto until they become substantially coplanar, andmechanically removing said plug from a surface opposed to the first saidsurface.

5. A method of finishing a surface of a spinnerette containing anorifice, comprising inserting a relatively hard plug having acomplementary cross section through said orifice to project beyond saidsurface, abrading said plug and said surf-ace contiguous thereto torender them substantially coplanar, and mechanically removing said plugfrom a surface opposed to the first said surface.

6. A method of finishing the discharge surface of a spinnerettecontaining an orifice, comprising inserting a plug having acomplementary cross section through said orifice to project beyond saidsurface and an opposed surface, abrading said plug and said dischargesurface contiguous thereto until they become substantially coplanar, andWithdrawing said plug at said opposed surace.

7. A method of finishing a surface of a spim nerette containing anorifice, comprising inserting a plug having a complementary crosssection through said orifice to project beyond said surface, positivelysecuring said plug remote from said surface, abrading said plug and saidsurface contiguous thereto until they become substantially coplanar,releasing said plug, and withdrawing said plug from said orifice.

8. A method of finishing a surface of a spinnerette containing anorifice, comprising inserting a plug having a complementary crosssection through said orifice to project beyond said surface,thermoplastically securing said plug to the spinnerette, abrading saidplug and said surface contiguous thereto until they become substantiallycoplanar, releasing the bond between said plug and spinnerette andwithdrawing said plug from said orifice.

9. A method of making a spinnerette comprising drilling a blank to forman orifice, polishing said orifice adjacent a surface of the blank,inserting a plug having a complementary cross section through saidorifice to project beyond said surface, abrading said plug and saidsurface contiguous thereto until they become substantially coplanar, andmechanically removing said plug.

10. A method of making a spinnerette comprising drilling a blank to forma countersink and an orifice, burnishing said orifice to size, insertinga plug havin a complementary cross section through said orifice toproject beyond a surface of said blank, abrading said plug and saidsurface contiguous thereto until they become substantially coplanar, andmechanically removing said plug.

11. A method of making a, spinnerette comprising drilling a body to forman orifice, modifying said orifice to form a convergent inlet end and acylindrical discharge end, inserting a plug having a complementary crosssection into said convergent end and through said orifice to projectbeyond a surface of said body at said discharge end, abrading said plugand said surface contiguous thereto until they become substantiallycoplanar, and mechanically removing said plug.

12. A method of making a spinnerette comprising drilling a body to forman orifice, polishing said orifice, inserting a plug having acomplementary cross section through said orifice to pro ject beyondopposed surfaces of said body, securing a projecting end of said plug tosaid body, abrading the other end of said plug and a surface of saidbody contiguous thereto until they become substantially coplanar, andmechanically removing said plug.

13. A method of manufacture comprising drilling a body to form anorifice, inserting a plug having a complementary cross section throughsaid orifice to project beyond a surface of said body, abrading theprojecting end of said plug and said surface contiguous thereto andthereby producing a substantially linear intersection between saidsurface and orifice, and mechanically removing said plug from a surfaceopposed to the first said surface.

14. A method of making a spinnerette com prising drilling a body to forman orifice, inserting a plug having a complementary cross sectionthrough said orifice to project beyond opposed surfaces of said body,producing a thermoplastic bond between a projecting end of said plug andsaid body, abrading the other end of said plug and a surface of saidbody contiguous thereto until they become substantially coplanar,releasing said bond, and mechanically removing said plug.

15. A method of making a spinnerette comprising drilling a body to forman orifice, inserting a plug through said orifice to project beyondopposed surfaces of said body, producing a thermoplastic bond between aprojecting end of said plug, said body and a tool, abrading the otherend of said plug and one of the surfaces of said body contiguous theretountil they become substantially coplanar by operation of said tool,releas-- ing said bond, and mechanically removing said plug.

16. A method of making a spinnerette comprising drilling a body to forman orifice having inlet and discharge ends, polishing the wall of saidorifice, inserting a plug having a complementary cross section throughsaid orifice to project beyond a discharge surface of said body,abrading said plug and said surface contiguous thereto until saidsurface and orifice define a sharp continuous edge, and mechanicallyremoving said plug.

17. A method of finishing a discharge surface of a nozzle containing anorifice, comprising introducing a plug having a complementary crosssection into said orifice to project beyond said surface, abrading saidplug and said surface contiguous thereto until the intersection of saidsurface and said orifice is substantially linear, and mechanicallyremoving said plug from a surface opposedto the first said surface.

JOHN A. CUPLER, II.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 264,877 Heyer Sept. 26, 18821,426,965 Crother Aug. 22, 1922 1,654,936 Jones Jan. 3, 1928 1,891,304Everett Dec. 20, 1932 2,115,402 Spaanbroek Apr. 26, 1938 2,353,171MacConnell July 11, 1944 2,425,835 Luckey July 29, 1947 2,570,765 CerfOct. 9, 1951 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 17,073 Great BritainSept. 25, 1900 42,439 Netherlands Jan. 15, 1938 43,082 Netherlands Apr.15, 1938

